Wealthy businessman Isaacman has been voted in as the next chief of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ending an unusual selection saga where President Donald Trump put his name forward, pulled the nomination, and then put him forward again.
The billionaire, an aviation enthusiast who became the first civilian to conduct a spacewalk, is also the first NASA administrator in a generation to come entirely from outside government.
For a significant portion of the space community, the legacy of his time in office will be determined by one crucial test: whether it can return humans to the lunar surface in advance of China.
The administration has emphasized a desire for the US to create a lasting moon outpost, both to allow for mining operations and to serve as a launching pad for travel to Mars.
On Wednesday, the U.S. Senate cleared his appointment with a decisive vote.
The President first withdrew Isaacman's nomination in the spring, pointing to a "comprehensive examination of previous relationships".
At the point, the president was openly clashing with the SpaceX CEO, one of his largest political donors, with whom the nominee has business connections.
Isaacman says he is now aligned with the administration's goal to extract lunar resources, putting him at odds with Musk, who has argued that focus on the moon is a distraction from the goal of Martian exploration.
In the ongoing space battle, nations are racing to exploit the lunar surface.
“Now is not the time for delay but a time for progress because if we fall behind, if we err, we may not recover, and the results could alter the strategic equilibrium here on Earth,” Isaacman told the Senate committee recently.
The private sector veteran sees bringing in more industry players as essential for accomplishing those targets, according to a recently disclosed document laying out his strategy for the agency.
In his Senate hearing, he reaffirmed the plan, which he drafted when he was originally put forward, but noted it was a evolving strategy.
His welcoming of rivalry could also lead to tension with Musk. Last week, Isaacman praised the granting of a significant agreement to Blue Origin, which is one of the primary competitors of SpaceX.
In the leaked plan, he proposed the agency should increasingly partner with universities and academic institutions, casting the agency as a "force multiplier for science".
He cited the scheduled 2027 launch of the Roman Space Telescope as a prime illustration.
"And if we be close to something groundbreaking - like deploying the Roman Telescope - I will leave no stone unturned to make it happen, even providing personal financing if that's what it takes to produce the science," he remarked.
According to reports, Isaacman's net worth is estimated at approximately $1.2bn, primarily derived from his payment processing company and the divestment of his business that trained pilots and operated a private fleet of military jets.
The NASA administrator role will be his first job in public office, a contrast to the previous two appointees who served as NASA chief.
He will take over from Sean Duffy, who has been the acting administrator since the summer.
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